PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.